Autoimmune rheumatic diseases are characterised by an abnormal immune system response, complement activation, cytokines dysregulation and inflammation.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a prototypic chronic, multiorgan autoimmune disease characterized by immune complex deposition and vasculopathy, and, therefore, can affect any organ and tissue of the human body.

Despite major recent advances in the therapeutic management of Giant cell arteritis (GCA), the diagnosis accuracy of temporal artery ultrasound remains controversial in this disease. We performed a systematic review to determine the sensitivity, specificity, and summary positive (LR+) and negative (LR-) likelihood ratios of temporal artery ultrasound for the diagnosis of GCA.

Vimentin is a protein of intermediate filament family, which is expressed in all mesenchymal cells. Vimentin plays a key role in the physiology of the cell, cellular interactions and the functioning of the immune system.

Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is the leading cause of death in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc). Randomized controlled trials have favored the use of cyclophosphamide (CYC) for treating SSc-ILD3,4,5. Compared with placebo, 1 year of CYC improved lung function in patients with SSc-ILD in Scleroderma Lung Study (SLS) I3

By targeting inhibitory checkpoint molecules, with resultant reinvigoration of antitumor immunity, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have opened a new chapter in cancer treatment [1].

Specific differences in cancer risk have been observed between systemic lupus erythematosus patients and the general population. Although meta-analyses have estimated cancer incidence in systemic lupus erythematosus patients, results have been inconclusive.

Although anti-TNFα agents have revolutionized the treatment of many inflammatory diseases, various concerns have been reported regarding the risks of cancer development, as well as acceleration of the progression of subclinical, pre-existing malignancies.

Regulatory T-cells (Tregs) can facilitate immune evasion by tumor cells by dampening anti-tumor immunity. Reduced Teff/Treg ratio and enhanced Treg functional activity have been observed in patients suffering from different types of cancers, and attenuated Treg numbers/functions can serve as prognostic indicators.

In the last decades, a lot of attention has been paid to the compounds present in medicinal Cannabis sativa L, such as tetrahydrocannabinol -THC) and cannabidiol (CBD), and their efects on infammation and cancer-related pain.